Imagine waking up on a cold winter morning and nothing works. The lights stay off. The heater is dead. There is no hot water and no way to cook breakfast. After Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022, millions of Europeans suddenly realized that this scenario was very possible. The war triggered a major energy shock and exposed how dependent Europe had become on Russian oil and gas.
As Russia cut gas supplies, energy prices surged across global markets. Europe faced the biggest energy shock in decades, and the consequences quickly spread through the economy. Energy shortages helped trigger a cost-of-living crisis, and governments realized they needed to quickly reduce their dependency on Russian fossil fuels.
The crisis raised a central question: Can Europe secure affordable energy while staying committed to climate goals and geopolitical security?
Cities on the Frontline: Local Governments Respond to Rising Energy Costs
Energy prices jumped so high
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